When we speak of improving one’s thinking, we don’t mean making individuals more intelligent. Socrates did not invent a method to turn everyone into a genius. His objective was more subdued and modest. He just wanted to disprove exaggerated, arbitrary, contradictory claims. To the extent that the Socratic method works, it can help us think…

The term “critical thinking” did not exist in Ancient Greece. Neither Plato nor Aristotle called themselves critical thinkers, although they were conscious of the differences between their ideas and what most people believed in Ancient Athens. In the case of Socrates, it is fair to employ the term “critical thinking” because his debates aimed at…